Is NLM the same as Vancouver?

NLM and Vancouver are closely related numeric styles, both based on ICMJE recommendations. NLM refers specifically to the formats defined in the NLM's Citing Medicine handbook, which includes more source types and detail.

How does NLM in-text citation work?

NLM uses superscript or parenthetical numbers in citation order in the text. The numbered reference list at the end corresponds to those citation numbers.

What kinds of sources does NLM cover?

NLM covers a wide range of source types including journal articles, books, conference papers, databases, and internet documents, with specific formatting rules for each.

NLM (National Library of Medicine) Citation Generator

Generate accurate NLM (National Library of Medicine) citations in seconds. Search by title, DOI, ISBN, or URL — or add references manually. Free, instant, and works for books, journal articles, websites, and more.

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What is NLM (National Library of Medicine)?

NLM (National Library of Medicine) style is the citation format defined by the US National Library of Medicine and used as the basis for many biomedical and health sciences citation requirements. It is a numeric citation-sequence style closely related to the ICMJE/Vancouver guidelines.

How to cite in NLM (National Library of Medicine)

Worked examples generated by CiteOrbit:

Book: 1.Kuhn TS. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1962.
Journal article: 1.Hilal N. Anxiety and depression among medical students. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2026 Jan 7;8(1):1–2. doi:10.24018/ejmed.2026.8.1.1
Website: 1.CiteOrbit. CiteOrbit [Internet]. 2026 [cited 2026 Jun 20]. What is a citation? Available from: https://citeorbit.com/citation-generator

NLM (National Library of Medicine) FAQ

Is NLM the same as Vancouver?: NLM and Vancouver are closely related numeric styles, both based on ICMJE recommendations. NLM refers specifically to the formats defined in the NLM's Citing Medicine handbook, which includes more source types and detail.
How does NLM in-text citation work?: NLM uses superscript or parenthetical numbers in citation order in the text. The numbered reference list at the end corresponds to those citation numbers.
What kinds of sources does NLM cover?: NLM covers a wide range of source types including journal articles, books, conference papers, databases, and internet documents, with specific formatting rules for each.