How does Chicago Notes and Bibliography differ from Chicago Author-Date?

Notes and Bibliography uses numbered footnotes for in-text references and a separate bibliography, whereas Chicago Author-Date uses parenthetical author-date citations similar to APA.

Do I need both footnotes and a bibliography in Chicago NB?

Generally yes. Footnotes contain the citation details (which can be abbreviated after the first citation), and the bibliography provides the full reference for each source.

What disciplines use Chicago Notes and Bibliography?

It is most common in history, art history, and some areas of literary and cultural studies. Many humanities journals and university presses in the US use it.

Chicago 17th (Notes & Bibliography) Citation Generator

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What is Chicago 17th (Notes & Bibliography)?

Chicago 17th edition Notes and Bibliography is a footnote-based citation style widely used in history, the arts, and some humanities disciplines. Sources are cited in numbered footnotes, and a bibliography at the end lists all works consulted.

How to cite in Chicago 17th (Notes & Bibliography)

Worked examples generated by CiteOrbit:

Book: Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. University of Chicago Press, 1962.
Journal article: Hilal, Nishida. “Anxiety and Depression among Medical Students.” European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 8, no. 1 (2026): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2026.8.1.1.
Website: CiteOrbit. “What Is a Citation?” CiteOrbit, January 1, 2026. https://citeorbit.com/citation-generator.

Chicago 17th (Notes & Bibliography) FAQ

How does Chicago Notes and Bibliography differ from Chicago Author-Date?: Notes and Bibliography uses numbered footnotes for in-text references and a separate bibliography, whereas Chicago Author-Date uses parenthetical author-date citations similar to APA.
Do I need both footnotes and a bibliography in Chicago NB?: Generally yes. Footnotes contain the citation details (which can be abbreviated after the first citation), and the bibliography provides the full reference for each source.
What disciplines use Chicago Notes and Bibliography?: It is most common in history, art history, and some areas of literary and cultural studies. Many humanities journals and university presses in the US use it.